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| 17 th Century 18th Century 19th Century 20th Century 21st Century English Counties Scotland Wales Graveyards France Miscellany |
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The
following is a list of books about church monuments, which, instead of
following the usual practice, has been compiled in the main in the datal order of
their publication. None of these books is about monumental brasses or churchyard
memorials, although they may contain references to these subjects. |
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EIGHTEENTH CENTURY BOOKS
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Antiquary Richard Gough (1735-1809), born in London,
wrote the first comprehensive survey of church monuments dating from the
eleventh to the fifteenth century. This work, in two sections, but normally
bound in five massive volumes, is profusely illustrated.. Gough was not an
artist himself so employed a number of artists and craftsmen to execute the many illustrations, mainly
etchings, which
are thus of varying accuracy and standard. He was buried in Wormley churchyard,
Hertfordshire. |
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Stothard, Charles A., Monumental Effigies of Great
Britain. (The Author, London 1817 – 1832) In this work the representation of monumental effigies becomes an art form in itself. Charles Stothard (1786-1821) – son of the illustrator Thomas – was an antiquarian draughtsman who travelled the country (and France) drawing, among other historical artefacts, medieval effigies. The etchings, some hand coloured, from these drawings were published – with text – in this beautiful work. Unfortunately Stothard was killed by a fall while drawing the stained glass window in St Andrew’s Church, Bere Ferrers, Devon, so the work was never finished. Although many of the etchings are by Stothard himself, because of his untimely death some of his drawings were made into etchings by other artists, including Edward Blore. The work was originally published in parts, which were eventually collected in one very large volume by his Widow with the text being completed by her brother. Further information about Charles Stothard, including a portrait, may be found here. |
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Bloxam, Mathew Holbeach A Glimpse at the Monumental Sculpture of Great Britain (1834) There
was also a proposed second edition with handwritten title page:
Fragmenta Sephulchralia, A Glmpse ...etc (1840-50) |
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Hollis, Thomas & George, Monumental Effigies
of Great Britain (John Bowyer Nichols & Son, London, 1839-1842) |
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Boutell, Rev Charles Christian Monuments in England and Wales (George Bell, 1854) Charles Boutell (1812-1877), from Norfolk, was an archaeologist, antiquary and clergyman, publishing many well-known books on brasses, arms and armour and heraldry among other subjects. This small volume deals with monuments from “about the era of the Norman Conquest to the time of Edward IV”. The first section discusses non-effigial monuments and the second semi-effigial monuments; the third, fourth and fifth parts, although proposed, do not appear to have been published. There are many simple but attractive drawn illustrations by the author. |
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Wall, J Charles The Tombs of the Kings of England (Sampson Low, Marston & Co Ltd, London, 1891) This work describes in detail the tombs of the kings – actually monarchs - of England as well as those of the early ‘English’ kingdoms, including those buried abroad, up to that of William IV, Queen Victoria still being on the throne when the book was published. There are many illustrations by the author and ‘engraved by Ford and Wall’; these however are reproductions of the engravings. This is a very comprehensive book but ‘suffers from…over-credibility when dealing with traditional sources’ (see Dodson, below); thus we can discover where kings who did not exist are buried and the finding in his coffin (which probably was that of Bishop Henry of Blois anyway) of the arrow that killed William Rufus! The flowery style makes slightly irritating if amusing reading. |
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Notes on Terminology |
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The terms etching and engraving are often used loosely in the popular although strictly incorrect sense. Strictly speaking these terms should be used for the actual process by which the artist manufactures a metal plate to produce an intaglio print. This should not to be confused with the usual – and again rather loose - use of the word print. An intaglio print is made from a metal plate (other materials can be used) which has had an image incised into it, either by biting with acid (etching) or directly cutting it (engraving). There are other methods too of producing these plates which need not concern us here. This process is either done by the artist or by a craftsman following the original drawing of the artist; such a print with often have del. (drawn by) and sculpt. (etched or engraved by) followed by the artist’s or craftsman’s name at the bottom .The incised line on the plate holds ink, which can then be used to print an image on paper. Such works are thus original works of art and only a limited number are produced as the metal plate eventually wears out. Plates may be made of copper, zinc or steel; Stothard and Hollis would have used copper plates, Blore Steel. This was a standard way of illustrating book before other quicker and cheaper methods were introduced. These prints may be hand coloured as in the works of Stothard or Hollis, although it is possible to produced coloured prints directly. Reproduction of these prints can be made – and often appear in modern books – but these reproductiuons are never as fine as the original intaglio print. |
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With the development of
photography at the end of the nineteenth century, this new process now becomes the
standard method of illustrating books. However photographs can never show the
detail or the clarity of a good drawing and this is borne out by writers of
these later books who sometimes using prints of works by Stothard and others to
supplement the photographs. On rare occasions new drawings are used but these
are usually printed by lithography. |
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Fryer, A. C. Wooden Monumental Effigies in
England and Wales (Elliot Stock 1924, revised edition) |
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Esdail, K A English Monumental Sculpture since the Reformation (SPCK 1927) |
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Gardner, Arthur Alabaster Tombs of the Pre-Reformation Period in
England (Cambridge University Press, 1940). Again this was another standard work of its time but this time on alabasters, with chapters about the sculptors, tomb chests and the effigies themselves, dealing with portraiture, colour, posture etc. There is then the usual section about dress and armour. There is a county list of alabaster monuments giving concise information and many, rather good, photographs. |
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Esdail, K A English Church Monuments 1510-1840 (Batsford
1946) |
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Stone, L Sculpture in Britain: The Middle Ages (Pelican History
of Art, 1955) |
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Panofsky, E Tomb Sculpture (Thames &
Hudson, 1964; Phaidon reprinted 1992) |
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Gunnis, B Dictionary of British Sculptors
1660-1851 (Abbey Library, 2nd edition, 1968) |
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Physick, John Designs for English Sculpture
1680-1860 (Victoria & Albert Museum, 1969) |
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Collinson, H. Country Monuments, Their
Families and Houses (David & Charles 1975) |
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Penny, N Church Monuments in Romantic England (Yale
University Press, 1977) |
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Leach, Rosemary BA An Investigation into the
use of Purbeck Marble in Medieval England ( The Author, 2nd
Edition,1978) |
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Hampton, W E Memorials of the Wars of the Roses
(The Richard III Society, 1979) This is extensive catalogue of monuments of those who fought in or were connected with The Wars of the Roses, arranged county by county. There are several illustrations: photographs and reproductions of etchings and brass rubbings. It even includes a photograph of the bones of George, Duke of Clarence, brother of King Edward VI, who was reputed to have been drowned in a vat of Malmsey wine |
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Kemp, Brian English Church Monuments (Batsford,
1980) |
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Tummers, Harry Early Secular Effigies in
England: The Thirteenth Century (E J Brill, Leiden, 1980) |
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Curl, J S Death and Architecture (Sutton,
1980) |
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Kemp, Brian Church Monuments (Shire
Album149, 1985; reprinted 1997) In Print |
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Whinney, M Sculpture in Britain 1530-1830 (Second
Edition revised by J Physick; Pelican History of Art, 1988/ Yale University
Press) In Print |
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Llewellyn, Nigel Funeral Monuments in
Post-Reformation England |
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Duffy, M Royal Tombs of Medieval England (Tempus
2003) In Print |
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Dodson, Aidan The Royal Tombs of Great Britain (Duckworth 2004) In Print |
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Hartshorne, Albert The
Recumbent Monumental Effigies in Northamptonshire (Basil Montagu Pickering,
1876) |
Richardson, Edward The
Monumental Effigies of the Temple Church (Longman, 1843) |
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W H Rogers The
Ancient Sepulchral Effigies and Monumental and Memorial Sculpture of Devon (published
by the author, 1877) |
F Chancellor The
Ancient Sepulchral Monuments of Essex (Edmund Durrant & Co, 1890) |
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| I’Anson, William M. The Medieval Military Effigies of Yorkshire (Yorkshire Archaeological Society, 1928) |
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Rev C L S Linnell, MA Suffolk Church Monuments:
A Preliminary Survey (Suffolk Institute of Archaeology, 1955) |
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| Routh, P. Medieval
Effigial Alabaster Tombs in Yorkshire (Boydell,
1976) The title explains exactly what you will find in this book. There are detailed descriptions of the monuments, backed up by 87 photographs, and detailed information about the monuments and the commemorated. |
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Ryder, Peter Medieval Cross Slab Grave Covers in West
Yorkshire (West Yorkshire Archaeological service, 1991) |
Knowles, R. and Routh, P. A Ryther Legacy: The
Monuments Assessed (Bedesman Books, 1981). |
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Knowles, R. and Routh, P. The Sheriff Hutton
Alabaster: A Re-Assessment (Rosalba Press, 1981) |
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Downing, M The Medieval Military Effigies
Remaining in Shropshire (Monumental Books, 1999) In
Print |
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Drummond, James Sculptured Monuments in Iona
and the Western Islands (Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 1881) |
Steer K. A. and Bannerman, J. W. M.Late Medieval Sculpture in
the West Highlands (Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland,
1977). |
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| Morgan, Octavius. Some Accounts of
the Church Monuments in the Priory Church of Abergavenny (1812) |
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Although the Church Monuments Society is not primarily concerned with graveyard memorials, I have been often asked to recommend books on the subject so here is a list of some of the best: |
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Above are three books by Betty Willsher, the
doyenne of the study of Scottish historical kirkyards. Clear and
accessible, her publications reflect a lifetime's experience of
recording Scottish kirkyard memorials. |
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303 La Revue des Pays de la Loire, Recherches
et Creations XVIII (Couseil Régional
des Pays de la Loire, 3e Trimestre 1988) |
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Above are three books about the Abbey Church
of Saint-Denis (Paris) which contains a wealth of monuments, including
many of the French royalty. |
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These are small books on related items which may be of interest. |
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Parker, John Reading
Latin Epitaphs - A Handbook for Beginners (
Penzance, Cressar Publications, 1999) |
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Pearson, Lynn F. Discovering
Famous Graves (Shire Publications,
1998) |
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With many thanks to Richard Knowles FSA, founder-members
of the Church Monuments Society and Journal editor for several years, for
providing much help and several illustrations for the construction of this
page. |
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